Mt Hood · Aug 28-30 · -54 days out Updated Wed Oct 21, 5:00 AM · refreshes daily at 5am

Everything is fine.

7 in 10chance the weekend is fine - clear or lightly hazy

First, a flag the group should see: the dates being asked about are about eight weeks in the past, so this is a reconstruction of what the air most likely did, not a live forecast. The most probable outcome for that weekend at the Welches house was ordinary late-summer haze — noticeable in the valley in the morning, not a reason to cancel.

The real risk was narrower: a stretch of east wind pulling smoke from the big Grasshopper fire, 17 miles east, down over Government Camp and into the Zigzag valley for a day, which would have made one day genuinely unpleasant for anyone with asthma.

Known now5 of 5 forecast sources already cover your dates
No horizonFire size and containment are observations, not forecasts — they can move this on any day
Decide byAug 25
What would change this
  • Evacuation zone at the housenone
  • US-26 open, Portland to Welchesopen
  • Air at Estacada25 · Clear
  • Nearest fire outside 10 miles13.9 mi · The Narrows
  • Wind pushing smoke our wayno - SE at 6 mph

So what are the odds?

If we ran this weekend 100 times, here is how they would split. Hover a row to pick it out of the dots.

4 in 1041%Clear weekend AQI 0-50
Mt Hood sharp against blue sky from the Welches meadow, maybe a thin morning valley fog that burns off, cool onshore breeze by afternoon, no smell of smoke.
nothing
3 in 1034%Hazy but fine AQI 50-100
Milky white sky, the mountain's outline soft, a faint campfire smell at dawn that fades by midday; sunsets unusually orange. Everyone fine except maybe one sensitive person.
Keep strenuous hikes to the morning, run a purifier in the bedroom where anyone with asthma sleeps, close windows overnight instead of sleeping with them open.
1 in 1015%One smoky day AQI 100-150
You can't see Mt Hood at all. Ridgelines across the valley go flat gray, the sun is a dull orange disc by midday, smoke smell indoors, eyes itch. Phone app reads orange all day.
That day becomes an indoor day — swap the hike for Timberline Lodge drive-up or a Portland run, N95s for anyone outside more than a few minutes, purifier running in the main room, kids and anyone with lung issues stay in.
1 in 1011%Real smoke episode AQI 150+
Visible smoke layer in the trees, headaches and sore throats across the group within hours, smoke seeping into the house no matter what you close, air app red for 24+ hours straight, possible Level 1 'Be Ready' notice somewhere in the Hoodland corridor.
Cut the trip short or relocate west toward the coast; anyone with asthma, anyone pregnant, and any small kids should leave rather than wait it out.
Clear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendClear weekendHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineHazy but fineOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayOne smoky dayReal smoke episodeReal smoke episodeReal smoke episodeReal smoke episodeReal smoke episodeReal smoke episodeReal smoke episodeReal smoke episodeReal smoke episodeReal smoke episode
Clear AQI 0-50
You can see the mountain. Nobody notices anything.
Hazy AQI 50-100
Visible haze, ridgelines soften, faint campfire smell.
Smoky AQI 100-150
Distinctly smoky, orange sun, eyes sting a little.
Bad AQI over 150
Mountain invisible. You smell it indoors.

Where the fires are

Fires near the house, drawn at their real shape from the federal perimeter data, over USGS terrain. Dashed rings are distance from the house; the shaded wedge is the only direction an east wind could carry smoke here from. Point at a fire for its details.

SandyBrightwoodWelchesGovernment Campan east wind would carry smoke from here10 mi20 miThe houseGrasshopper93,971 acres · 17.4 miAustin12,888 acres · 18.3 miThe Narrows13.9 mifire perimetersmall fire, size knownlocated, size not reported10 milesEverything within 60 milesGrasshopperBenchAustinHigh LavaThe Narrows407 DetMuddy Run RXWikstrom Rd #2Wapato NWR- Beecher Unit RXSummitQuail Run
SandyBrightwoodWelchesGovernment Campan east wind would carry smoke from here20 mi40 miThe houseGrasshopper93,971 acres · 17.4 miBench67,071 acres · 45.5 miAustin12,888 acres · 18.3 miThe Narrows13.9 mifire perimetersmall fire, size knownlocated, size not reported10 miles

Solid dots are fires too small to draw at this scale but whose size is known. A dashed circle would mean a fire that has been located but has no published perimeter - size unknown, not small.

Beyond this frame, and too far to threaten the house but close enough to add regional haze: Bench (67,071 acres, 45.5 mi SSE), High Lava (2,899 acres, 37.0 mi N).

An outline is only as current as the last mapping flight, which is not the same as when this page refreshed. Outlines flown — Grasshopper Sep 15 · Austin Sep 16 · The Narrows Sep 15. The oldest is The Narrows, 36 days behind. Acreage and containment are refreshed far more often than the outlines are re-flown — those figures were last updated Sep 29, 4:26 PM, so a fire may already be larger than the shape drawn for it.

Terrain: USGS 3DEP (public domain). Roads and water: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL). Fire perimeters: NIFC.

Want to check it yourself, or see the rest of the state? The Oregonian's wildfire tracker is live and updates every 15 minutes.

Day by day

Fri Aug 28
Hazy
likely 52 - could reach 122
13% chance of a smoky day
Sat Aug 29
Hazy
likely 54 - could reach 138
17% chance of a smoky day
Sun Aug 30
Hazy
likely 55 - could reach 132
18% chance of a smoky day

The specific odds

All three days clear28%
At least one smoky day (100+)30%
Two or more smoky days16%
At least one bad day (150+)13%
US-26 closed during the trip2%
Evacuation level at Welches7%

The one thing that would bring smoke here

Long-range wind signal unavailable this run.

When we'll actually know more

It is not one cut-off. Five sources arrive on five different dates, and the darker the strip, the more of them cover your weekend. Hover any day for the count.

Hover a dayto see the forecast we logged that morning and how much was known.

▲ Since 2026-08-10 the forecast has moved worse (+24 on the likely worst day) across 72 daily updates. Shading above shows source coverage, not this movement - hover a past day to see what we said that morning.

nowFire size & containment
how big the fires are and whether they are being held
nowLong-range ensembles (GEFS 0.5 + GEM)
wind direction, 52 members · reaches 32 days out
nowECMWF ensemble (51 members)
wind direction, the sharpest ensemble · reaches 13 days out
nowDeterministic weather (16-day)
day-by-day wind and temperature · reaches 15 days out
nowAir-quality / smoke model (CAMS)
actual AQI at the house · reaches 6 days out

Why we think this

The mechanism here is a one-way valve. Every significant fire in the evidence except the 304-acre, 98%-contained Narrows sits east or southeast of the house, on the far side of an 11,250-foot ridge, and the default late-August circulation on the west slope is onshore marine flow that pins that smoke on the east side — so most days the house simply cannot see it. The bad case requires a specific, common-but-not-typical pattern: an offshore gradient turning flow easterly, after which nighttime downslope drainage funnels Grasshopper's smoke straight down the Barlow/Government Camp corridor into the Zigzag valley and pools it under an inversion, which is precisely how the 24-hour average — not a brief hourly spike — gets above 100. That path needed about 31% of days to be offshore and the fires to still be smoking; both were plausible in late August but neither was guaranteed, and I have no ensemble signal to sharpen it because that field is null. Pushing me up: a record 2.34M-acre state season, 96% drought, record-low snowpack, PL-5 resource constraints that make initial attack on a new nearby ignition slower, and the genuine possibility of a fresh start west of the crest inside a long lead time. Pushing me down: all four major fires were at 90–100% containment, the nearest fire of any kind is tiny, the 28-day historical sample in this exact window has never produced a day over 100 with a worst-ever of 82, and the measured local season anomaly is 1.02 — this year's severity has been overwhelmingly east-side acreage that does not transport to this address.

A normal late August here is Clear - median AQI 44 across the last 4 years. On these exact dates: 2025: 57 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 40.

We are forecasting a worst day of 66, 22 points above that base rate. That departure rests entirely on the reasoning above; judge it for yourself.

What the bad version needs:
The Grasshopper fire (93,971 acres, 17.4 mi due E) and Bench (67,071 acres, 45.5 mi SSE) are still producing heat and smoldering heavy fuel through late August — both only reached high containment weeks later, and 60–90k-acre Oregon fires in cured fuels routinely smoke into September. → A thermal trough slides inland and an offshore pressure gradient sets up over the Cascades (climatologically 31% of days in this calendar window), so flow turns east-to-northeast instead of the usual marine westerly. → Nighttime downslope drainage carries that smoke over the crest and down the Barlow/White River and Government Camp corridor directly into the Zigzag valley, where it pools under a shallow inversion overnight and through mid-morning — pushing the rolling 24-hour average at the house past 100, and past 150 if the inversion holds two nights running.
First visible signal: Two things, both free: the NWS Portland forecast page for Government Camp switching from west/northwest wind to east or northeast, and the AirNow map showing Hood River, Parkdale or The Dalles turn orange while Portland is still green — the east side always goes first, usually 12–24 hours before Welches does. - about 2 days ahead
Key drivers, and what would change our minds
  • Grasshopper fire: 93,971 acres, only 17.4 miles due east — large and close enough that even weak easterly drainage flow delivers smoke, so terrain shielding is conditional on wind direction, not absolute
  • All meaningful sources are on the far side of the Cascade crest; the house needs an east-wind reversal to be exposed at all
  • Climatological offshore rate of 31% for this calendar window, with no ensemble to adjust it — the east-wind ensemble field is null
  • High containment across the board (Narrows 98%, Grasshopper 98%, Austin 98%, Bench 90%, High Lava 100%) reducing the active source term
  • Record 2026 season — 2.34M acres, 96% drought, lowest-on-record snowpack, PL-5 since July 18 — raising the odds a NEW fire starts closer and grows before crews can get to it
  • Four-year archive that has never seen a 2020-class year, so the 162 p90 is a floor on the tail, not a ceiling
  • Pull up the actual AirNow historical data for Aug 28–30, 2026 at the Estacada or Portland SE Lafayette monitor — this trip is already over, so the answer is observable rather than forecastable, and five minutes on fire.airnow.gov beats everything above
  • A photo from anyone who was in the Hoodland corridor that weekend: if Mt Hood was visible from Welches, the worst day was under 75
  • The NWS Portland archived forecast discussion for Aug 26–30 showing either a thermal trough and east wind (bad case) or a marine push (good case)
  • Whether Grasshopper's containment was still well below 98% on Aug 28 — if it was at 40% and actively growing, shift every number up a band
  • Any record of a Level 1 or higher evacuation notice in Clackamas County's Hoodland zones during the trip window
  • Evidence of a new ignition west of the crest between the data cutoff and Aug 28 — a fire in the Sandy or Clackamas drainage would make all the terrain reasoning irrelevant

Fires within 60 miles

13.9 miThe Narrows SSW304 acres · 98% contained
17.4 miGrasshopper E93,971 acres · 98% contained
18.3 miAustin S12,888 acres · 98% contained
37.0 miHigh Lava N2,899 acres · 100% contained
44.1 miMuddy Run RX SSEsize not yet reported
45.5 miBench SSE67,071 acres · 90% contained
55.0 miWikstrom Rd #2 NWsize not yet reported

The biggest hole in this forecast: 2 of the nearby fires (Muddy Run RX, Wikstrom Rd #2) have no size reported yet. Whether those are 300-acre creepers or 20,000-acre runners is most of the answer.

Pack this regardless

  • A box of fitted N95 or KN95 masks — one per person plus spares, not cloth or surgical
  • One or two portable HEPA air purifiers rated for a bedroom, or a box fan plus two 20x20 MERV-13 furnace filters and duct tape as a cheap substitute
  • Every inhaler, allergy med and prescription anyone in the group might need, in carry-on quantity
  • The AirNow app installed on at least three phones before leaving, and Watch Duty on at least one
  • An indoor-day plan that is actually fun — board games, cards, a movie list, a baking project — so a smoky day isn't a wasted day
  • A full tank of gas on arrival and a written agreement on when the group would leave early, decided while everyone is calm

If the weekend is clean you carried masks for nothing. If it is not, this is the difference between a bad weekend and a ruined one.

Watch list, and getting there

  • Daily max PM2.5 AQI at the nearest monitors (Estacada, and Hood River/Parkdale as the upwind tripwire) - Any east-side monitor over 100 while a west or northeast wind is forecast for Government Camp — act on that, not on waiting for Welches itself to climb. (airnow.gov or the AirNow app, plus fire.airnow.gov for the temporary smoke monitors)
  • Wind direction in the NWS point forecast for Government Camp / Zigzag - Two or more consecutive periods showing wind from E, ENE or NE during the trip dates. (forecast.weather.gov, search 'Government Camp OR')
  • New ignitions west of the Cascade crest — Sandy, Bull Run, Clackamas, Molalla drainages - Any new fire inside 25 miles that is not showing containment progress within 48 hours of being reported. (Watch Duty app (free) or inciweb.nwcg.gov)
  • Evacuation notices for the Hoodland corridor - Any Level 1 'Be Ready' zone touching Welches, Wemme, Zigzag or Rhododendron. (Clackamas County Sheriff / clackamas.us alerts, and Watch Duty)
  • US-26 status between Sandy and Government Camp - Any closure or fire-activity restriction on US-26 — that is the only practical way in and out. (tripcheck.com)
Sandy19.4 mi
Brightwood15.5 mi
Welches14.8 mi

Distance from each point on the drive in to the nearest fire. TripCheck is the authority on closures.

If we wanted cleaner air, where would we go?

Ranked by how bad these dates have historically been at each place. The coast is not just cleaner today — it sits upwind of everything burning, so it only smokes during an east-wind reversal, which is the same event that would smoke out the house.

“Bad day / typical” is what the air actually did on Aug 26 – Sep 1 in 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025 — 28 days per place. The first number is the bad day: one day in ten was worse than this. The second is the typical day, the middle of the range. We rank on the bad day rather than the typical one, because the bad day is what would spoil a weekend.

Both are converted onto the same scale as the “now” column, so every AQI figure in this table is comparable. That conversion matters more than it sounds: the model these come from runs about 2.5× high on the coast but close to true inland, so before correcting it the coast looked far worse than it is.
PlaceBad day / typicalNow Official forecastNext 5 daysNearest fire
Newport coast20 / 1730 ClearGood– steady101 mi · Austin
Astoria coast21 / 1823 ClearGood– steady84 mi · High Lava
Long Beach, WA coast22 / 1923 ClearGood– steady97 mi · High Lava
Welches / Mt Hood booked23 / 1730 ClearGood▲ worsening14 mi · The Narrows
Manzanita coast29 / 2751 Hazy—– steady87 mi · High Lava
Cannon Beach coast31 / 2751 Hazy—– steady88 mi · High Lava
Pacific City coast31 / 2851 Hazy—– steady91 mi · The Narrows
Hood River east of crest42 / 2836 ClearGood– steady21 mi · Grasshopper
Portland valley47 / 3866 HazyGood– steady36 mi · High Lava
Silver Falls valley53 / 3954 Hazy—– steady31 mi · Austin
McMinnville valley55 / 3863 HazyGood– steady54 mi · The Narrows
Bend east of crest58 / 3450 Clear—– steady36 mi · Bench
What each column covers, and where it comes from
FieldPeriod it coversWhat it is
Air right now10/21/26 4:00 PDTNearest EPA/AirNow ground monitor to each place, within 45 miles
airnow.gov
Official forecastissued 10/21/26 by Washington Department of EcologyNext published outlook for that reporting area — a human forecaster's call
Oregon DEQ via AirNow
Next 5 daystoday's model run, covering 2026-10-25Direction only. Copernicus CAMS global air-quality model
open-meteo.com
Bad day / typicalAug 26 – Sep 1 in 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 (28 days each)CAMS reanalysis for those exact dates, then converted to the monitor scale
open-meteo.com
Scale conversionmedian of 14 daily model-vs-monitor pairs, 2026-10-01 to 2026-10-14Median of daily model-vs-monitor ratios — the bias differs by place, from 0.37 on the coast to 0.768 inland
AirNow daily archive
Nearest firequeried Oct 21 5:00 AMPerimeter polygons of fires over 100 acres, distance to the burned edge
NIFC WFIGS

Every AQI figure above is on the ground-monitor scale — the same thing your phone shows. n/a means the model and the monitors disagree so sharply at that spot that we cannot honestly place it on that scale (steep terrain inside a coarse model grid cell — the Gorge is the usual culprit); those rows are sorted by today’s reading instead.

How this is made, and what it cannot do

Fire perimeters from NIFC, evacuation zones from Oregon OEM, weather and alerts from NWS, air quality from AirNow (Estacada, 18.3 mi away). The forecast is judged by Claude Opus 5 on the live data above, sampled 5 times and pooled conservatively.

It is a judgement, never scored against an outcome. Nobody forecasts smoke this far out: NOAA's smoke model runs 48 hours and the EPA's air-quality forecast is for tomorrow. Two-to-six weeks ahead is what meteorologists call the predictability desert. Anyone giving you a number for the trip right now - us included - is giving you a base rate with a story attached.

How thin the history is. The air-quality record for this spot begins in 2022, so "normal" here is built from just 4 years (2022, 2023, 2024, 2025). In those 28 sampled days the worst single day was AQI 82, and none reached 100.

That record has never seen a bad Oregon smoke year — not 2020, when Portland sat above AQI 500 for days, nor 2017, 2018 or 2021. So the base rate below is drawn entirely from calm years, and the upper end of our range is an estimate rather than something history has shown us. It is the main reason not to read the good news too confidently.

Are these forecasts any good? Across 335 scored forecast-days, the air-quality model beat both simple baselines at 1 of 5 lead times. Where it does not, this page should not be trusted to out-guess them either.

AQI here means the highest 24-hour PM2.5 value touching a day, at the house, on the local monitor scale - the same thing your phone shows. The model's own restatement of the target: “I am forecasting one number: the highest 24-hour-average US AQI for PM2.5 that touches any one of August 28, 29 or 30, 2026, at the house in Mt Hood Village/Welches — the worst single day, not the three-day mean. It is on the local monitor scale, the value a phone weather or AirNow app would display, already bias-corrected from the raw CAMS model scale by the 0.735 factor given in the evidence, so I have applied no further correction of my own. Because the quantity is a 24-hour average, a two-hour surge of thick smoke at 3am does not by itself put the day over 100; the smoke has to persist most of a day, which is exactly why the overnight valley inversion matters so much to the bad case.”

Updated daily at 5am. A convenience, not an authority -
if officials issue an evacuation order, follow it.